<?xml version="1.0"?>
<QUIZ>
  <QUESTION TEXT="The lily of the valley displays bell-shaped _____________ on one side of a thin stem." ANSWER="0" EXPLAIN="An adjective clause is needed here to modify the noun &quot;flowers.&quot;">
    <CHOICE>flowers that are clustered</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>that clustered are</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>that they are clustered</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>flowers are clustered</CHOICE>
  </QUESTION>

  <QUESTION TEXT="Glycerol is a colorless, _____________ , thick liquid which is used in pharmaceutical as well as beauty products." ANSWER="3" EXPLAIN="An adjective is needed here for a parallel structure because &quot;colorless&quot; and &quot;thick&quot; are adjectives.">
    <CHOICE>tasting-sweet</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>tasted-sweet</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>sweetened-taste</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>sweet-tasting</CHOICE>
  </QUESTION>

  <QUESTION TEXT="Bellany's utopian fiction, Looking Backward, 2000-1887, _____________ the picture of well-distributed wealth in the United States in the year 2000." ANSWER="2" EXPLAIN="The simple present tense &quot;portrays,&quot; third person singular, is the only appropriate choice.">
    <CHOICE>portray</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>portraying</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>portrays</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>being portrayed</CHOICE>
  </QUESTION>

  <QUESTION TEXT="_____________ in politics and success in law, Lincoln led a financially comfortable life." ANSWER="1" EXPLAIN="The adverb phrase &quot;Gaining prominence&quot; has the correct form. The adverb clause &quot;While he gained prominence in politics ... &quot; would be correct also.">
    <CHOICE>While prominent</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>Gaining prominence</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>Being prominent</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>Although gaining prominence</CHOICE>
  </QUESTION>

  <QUESTION TEXT="Pineapple and papaya enzymes, used as meat tenderizers, _____________ while the meat is being cooked." ANSWER="2" EXPLAIN="A passive verb (be + p. participle) is needed to complete the sentence. The choice (C) is grammatically the sound choice.">
    <CHOICE>activate</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>to be activated</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>are activated</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>activating</CHOICE>
  </QUESTION>

  <QUESTION TEXT="Prejudices, _____________ essays written by H. L. Mencken, a well-known critic, protests the shallowness of social and cultural aspects of American life." ANSWER="0" EXPLAIN="An adjective phrase, an appositive, is the correct choice. An adjective clause (which is a collection of essays) would be correct also.">
    <CHOICE>a collection of</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>it is a collection of</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>being a collection of</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>that is a collection of</CHOICE>
  </QUESTION>

  <QUESTION TEXT="Ammonia is widely used not only in agriculture but also in _____________ ." ANSWER="1" EXPLAIN="Both sides of the paired conjunction &quot;not only ... but also&quot; should have the same grammatical form. &quot;Agriculture&quot; is a noun. For a parallel effect, &quot;industry&quot; which is also a noun should be used.">
    <CHOICE>industrial</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>industry</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>industriousness</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>industrialism</CHOICE>
  </QUESTION>

  <QUESTION TEXT="In 1968, James Goodwin Batterson sold the _____________ policy in America at a cost of two cents for $1000 coverage." ANSWER="3" EXPLAIN="This question is based on the correct word order; only choice (D) is grammatically correct.">
    <CHOICE>accident first insurance</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>insurance first accident</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>accidental insurance first</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>first accident insurance</CHOICE>
  </QUESTION>
 
  <QUESTION TEXT="The heron has a narrow head, a long slender neck, and sticklike legs, _____________ the legs of cranes and storks." ANSWER="1" EXPLAIN="Although all the choices are appropriate for comparison, only choice (B) is correct here.">
    <CHOICE>look like</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>similar to</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>alike</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>the same as</CHOICE>
  </QUESTION>

  <QUESTION TEXT="Despite similarities with Neptune, Uranus emits _____________ excess heat." ANSWER="3" EXPLAIN="&quot;No&quot; is the correct choice because it is used before a noun phrase, &quot;excess heat.&quot;">
    <CHOICE>not</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>none</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>nothing</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>no</CHOICE>
  </QUESTION>

  <QUESTION TEXT="The Senate not only makes laws _____________ or rejects the president's nominees for high official positions in government and the Supreme Court." ANSWER="0" EXPLAIN="Both sides of the paired conjunction &quot;not only ... but also&quot; should have the same grammatical form; therefore, the choice (A) is the logical choice.">
    <CHOICE>but also approves</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>as well as approves</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>and approves</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>also approves</CHOICE>
  </QUESTION>

  <QUESTION TEXT="Enzymes, discharged by fungi, decompose organic molecules into smaller pieces for the cells _____________ ." ANSWER="2" EXPLAIN="&quot;To absorb&quot; or &quot;in order&quot; for the cells &quot;to absorb&quot; should be used for the sentence to make sense.">
    <CHOICE>to be absorbed</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>absorbing</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>to absorb</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>absorb</CHOICE>
  </QUESTION>

  <QUESTION TEXT="The conchis, a sea snail, _____________ close to 500,000 eggs when she mates." ANSWER="1" EXPLAIN="The independent clause lacks a verb. The simple present tense should be used to explain a fact.">
    <CHOICE>that she lays</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>lays</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>that lays</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>that laying</CHOICE>
  </QUESTION>

  <QUESTION TEXT="The atmospheric pressure on Titan, Saturn's largest moon, is at least one and a half times _____________ the Earth's." ANSWER="0" EXPLAIN="This question is based on the use of number in equal comparisons. The atmospheric pressure on Titan is compared with that of the Earth.">
    <CHOICE>as much as</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>more than</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>like</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>the same as</CHOICE>
  </QUESTION>

  <QUESTION TEXT="Applying wax on oranges makes them _____________, decreases the chances of damage while being transported, and protects them from dehydration." ANSWER="0" EXPLAIN="&quot;Appealing&quot; is an adjective. It is the only grammatical choice.">
    <CHOICE>appealing</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>appealed</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>appeal</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>appealingly</CHOICE>
  </QUESTION>

  <QUESTION TEXT="As an almond fully grows, &lt;u&gt;its&lt;/u&gt; hull &lt;u&gt;split&lt;/u&gt; open and &lt;u&gt;the nut&lt;/u&gt; emerges." ANSWER="2" EXPLAIN="The simple present tense, third person &quot;splits&quot; is the correct answer because &quot;almond&quot; is a singular noun.">
    <CHOICE>As</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>its</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>split</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>the nut</CHOICE>
  </QUESTION>

  <QUESTION TEXT="Experiments &lt;u&gt;detecting&lt;/u&gt; chemical activities &lt;u&gt;on Mars&lt;/u&gt;, &lt;u&gt;but&lt;/u&gt; organic &lt;u&gt;compounds are&lt;/u&gt; nonexistent." ANSWER="0" EXPLAIN="The simple present tense is needed to express facts. The word &quot;experiments&quot; is plural; therefore, the verb &quot;detect&quot; should be used instead of the gerund.">
    <CHOICE>detecting</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>on Mars</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>but</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>compounds are</CHOICE>
  </QUESTION>

  <QUESTION TEXT="In most of &lt;u&gt;his comic films&lt;/u&gt;, Woody Allen satirizes the sentimental &lt;u&gt;obstacles&lt;/u&gt; of &lt;u&gt;intellectuals&lt;/u&gt; living in a &lt;u&gt;fast-pace&lt;/u&gt; world." ANSWER="3" EXPLAIN="&quot;Fast-paced&quot; is the correct modifier for the noun &quot;world.&quot;">
    <CHOICE>his comic films</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>obstacles</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>intellectuals</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>fast-pace</CHOICE>
  </QUESTION>

  <QUESTION TEXT="The &lt;u&gt;anti-rabies&lt;/u&gt; vaccine &lt;u&gt;is administered&lt;/u&gt; to the victim by &lt;u&gt;insertion&lt;/u&gt; a needle to &lt;u&gt;the&lt;/u&gt; stomach." ANSWER="2" EXPLAIN="After the preposition &quot;by,&quot; a gerund ( the -ing form of a verb) must be used; therefore, &quot;inserting&quot; should replace &quot;insert.&quot;">
    <CHOICE>anti-rabies</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>is administered</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>insertion</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>the</CHOICE>
  </QUESTION>

  <QUESTION TEXT="The coffee plant, a deciduous plant &lt;u&gt;with glossy&lt;/u&gt; leaves and &lt;u&gt;self-pollinating&lt;/u&gt; white flowers, &lt;u&gt;were&lt;/u&gt; introduced to America in the &lt;u&gt;second half of&lt;/u&gt; 1600." ANSWER="2" EXPLAIN="The subject &quot;coffee plant&quot; is singular; the verb &quot;were&quot; should be changed to &quot;was.&quot;">
    <CHOICE>with glossy</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>self-pollinating</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>were</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>second half of</CHOICE>
  </QUESTION>

  <QUESTION TEXT="&lt;u&gt;A 12-miles&lt;/u&gt; track in Richmond, Virginia &lt;u&gt;was&lt;/u&gt; the first site which succeeded in &lt;u&gt;operating&lt;/u&gt; electric &lt;u&gt;trolley cars&lt;/u&gt;." ANSWER="0" EXPLAIN="Whenever a combination of a number and a noun is used to modify another noun, the noun used with the number has to be singular, never plural. The correct form is &quot;a 12-mile track.&quot;">
    <CHOICE>A 12-miles</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>was</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>operating</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>trolley cars</CHOICE>
  </QUESTION>

  <QUESTION TEXT="Electromagnets of &lt;u&gt;electric motors&lt;/u&gt;, found in home appliances, have a &lt;u&gt;more stronger&lt;/u&gt; magnetic field &lt;u&gt;than&lt;/u&gt;&nbsp;&lt;u&gt;permanent&lt;/u&gt; magnets do." ANSWER="1" EXPLAIN="Incorrect comparative form. The word &quot;more&quot; is extra. &quot;Stronger&quot; is adequate by itself.">
    <CHOICE>electric motors</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>more stronger</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>than</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>permanent</CHOICE>
  </QUESTION>

  <QUESTION TEXT="Wild flowers &lt;u&gt;such as&lt;/u&gt; cinquefoils and larkspurs &lt;u&gt;found&lt;/u&gt; in all parts of Alaska; however, wild hyacinths &lt;u&gt;come into&lt;/u&gt; bloom &lt;u&gt;mostly&lt;/u&gt; in the mountainous areas." ANSWER="1" EXPLAIN="The passive verb &quot;found&quot; lacks the auxiliary verb. &quot;Are found&quot; corrects the sentence grammatically.">
    <CHOICE>such as</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>found</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>come into</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>mostly</CHOICE>
  </QUESTION>

  <QUESTION TEXT="Imagism is a movement &lt;u&gt;in poetry it&lt;/u&gt;&nbsp;&lt;u&gt;which&lt;/u&gt;&nbsp;&lt;u&gt;emphasizes&lt;/u&gt; the use of vivid images, everyday &lt;u&gt;language&lt;/u&gt; and crisp rhythms." ANSWER="0" EXPLAIN="&quot;It&quot; is not necessary; it repeats the subject &quot;Imagism.&quot;">
    <CHOICE>in poetry it</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>which</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>emphasizes</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>language</CHOICE>
  </QUESTION>

  <QUESTION TEXT="General Francis Marion, &lt;u&gt;whom&lt;/u&gt; is known as the Swamp Fox, &lt;u&gt;led&lt;/u&gt; daring attacks &lt;u&gt;against&lt;/u&gt; the British in South Carolina &lt;u&gt;during&lt;/u&gt; the Revolutionary War." ANSWER="0" EXPLAIN="The adjective clause needs the subject pronoun &quot;who.&quot; &quot;Whom&quot; is an object pronoun and cannot be used here.">
    <CHOICE>whom</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>led</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>against</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>during</CHOICE>
  </QUESTION>

  <QUESTION TEXT="&lt;u&gt;In&lt;/u&gt; the mid-1900's, the Democratic &lt;u&gt;party lost much&lt;/u&gt; of its &lt;u&gt;tradition&lt;/u&gt; control of South Carolina &lt;u&gt;politics.&lt;/u&gt;" ANSWER="2" EXPLAIN="The adjective &quot;traditional&quot; should replace the noun &quot;tradition.&quot;">
    <CHOICE>In</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>party lost much</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>tradition</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>politics</CHOICE>
  </QUESTION>

  <QUESTION TEXT="Pop art, appropriate for &lt;u&gt;high-tech&lt;/u&gt; industrialized &lt;u&gt;country&lt;/u&gt;, &lt;u&gt;emphasizes&lt;/u&gt; photographic &lt;u&gt;exactness in forms&lt;/u&gt; of life." ANSWER="1" EXPLAIN="The plural noun &quot;countries&quot; should be used instead of the singular noun &quot;country.&quot;">
    <CHOICE>high-tech</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>country</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>emphasizes</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>exactness in forms</CHOICE>
  </QUESTION>

  <QUESTION TEXT="Madison Square Garden, a 20,000-seat arena, &lt;u&gt;is used&lt;/u&gt; for sports &lt;u&gt;events&lt;/u&gt;&nbsp; &lt;u&gt;as well&lt;/u&gt; conventions &lt;u&gt;and&lt;/u&gt; circuses." ANSWER="2" EXPLAIN="The prepositional phrase &quot;as well as&quot; is used partially.">
    <CHOICE>is used</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>events</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>as well</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>and</CHOICE>
  </QUESTION>

  <QUESTION TEXT="Hummingbirds use &lt;u&gt;their long tongues&lt;/u&gt; to suck nectar from flowers and &lt;u&gt;inadvertent&lt;/u&gt;&nbsp;&lt;u&gt;transfer&lt;/u&gt; pollen to &lt;u&gt;other plants&lt;/u&gt; they sample." ANSWER="1" EXPLAIN="The adverb &quot;inadvertently&quot; is needed to modify the verb &quot;transfer.&quot;">
    <CHOICE>their long tongues</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>inadvertent</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>transfer</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>other plants</CHOICE>
  </QUESTION>

  <QUESTION TEXT="&lt;u&gt;The first&lt;/u&gt; radio &lt;u&gt;station&lt;/u&gt; in Massachusetts, WGI, &lt;u&gt;started&lt;/u&gt;&nbsp;&lt;u&gt;broadcast&lt;/u&gt; in Medford in 1920." ANSWER="3" EXPLAIN="The verb &quot;started&quot; must be followed by a gerund to show a past event.">
    <CHOICE>The first</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>station</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>started</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>broadcast</CHOICE>
  </QUESTION>

  <QUESTION TEXT="&lt;u&gt;Referred to&lt;/u&gt;&nbsp; &lt;u&gt;as&lt;/u&gt; quicksilver, mercury is a &lt;u&gt;silver-colored&lt;/u&gt; metal &lt;u&gt;that staying&lt;/u&gt; liquid at room temperature." ANSWER="3" EXPLAIN="The simple present tense, third person singular is needed here ; therefore, &quot;that stays&quot; should replace &quot;that staying.&quot;">
    <CHOICE>Referred to</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>as</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>silver-colored</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>that staying</CHOICE>
  </QUESTION>

  <QUESTION TEXT="Bones &lt;u&gt;affected by&lt;/u&gt; osteosclerosis &lt;u&gt;become fragile&lt;/u&gt; and fracture &lt;u&gt;more easy&lt;/u&gt;&nbsp; &lt;u&gt;than&lt;/u&gt; healthy bones." ANSWER="2" EXPLAIN="Incorrect comparative form. The correct comparative form &quot;more easily&quot; should be used because &quot;fracture&quot; demands an adverb, not an adjective.">
    <CHOICE>affected by</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>become fragile</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>more easy</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>than</CHOICE>
  </QUESTION>

  <QUESTION TEXT="James &lt;u&gt;Monroe's historic&lt;/u&gt; doctrine &lt;u&gt;warned&lt;/u&gt; European nations not &lt;u&gt;to intervening&lt;/u&gt; or control &lt;u&gt;any country&lt;/u&gt; in the western hemisphere." ANSWER="2" EXPLAIN="After the verb &quot;warn&quot; an infinitive is used.">
    <CHOICE>Monroe's historic</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>warned</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>to intervening</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>any country</CHOICE>
  </QUESTION>

  <QUESTION TEXT="Minks &lt;u&gt;are trapped&lt;/u&gt; and raised in &lt;u&gt;captiv&lt;/u&gt;e for their prized &lt;u&gt;fur&lt;/u&gt; used for &lt;u&gt;making&lt;/u&gt; elegant coats." ANSWER="1" EXPLAIN="The noun &quot;captivity&quot; should replace the adjective &quot;captive.&quot;">
    <CHOICE>are trapped</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>captive</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>fur</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>making</CHOICE>
  </QUESTION>

  <QUESTION TEXT="&lt;u&gt;The early&lt;/u&gt; primates had a &lt;u&gt;well-developed&lt;/u&gt; sense of &lt;u&gt;smell&lt;/u&gt;, instrumental &lt;u&gt;to&lt;/u&gt; locating food or predators." ANSWER="3" EXPLAIN="The preposition &quot;in&quot; should replace &quot;to&quot; for the sentence to make sense.">
    <CHOICE>The early</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>a well-developed</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>smell</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>to</CHOICE>
  </QUESTION>

  <QUESTION TEXT="Obesity &lt;u&gt;is&lt;/u&gt; a &lt;u&gt;surplus fat&lt;/u&gt;&nbsp;&lt;u&gt;deposited&lt;/u&gt; in the adipose &lt;u&gt;tissues&lt;/u&gt;." ANSWER="1" EXPLAIN="The preposition &quot;of&quot; is left out. &quot;Surplus of fat&quot; should replace &quot;surplus fat.&quot;">
    <CHOICE>is</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>surplus fat</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>deposited</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>tissues</CHOICE>
  </QUESTION>

  <QUESTION TEXT="The &lt;u&gt;subcutaneous&lt;/u&gt; tissues of the skin &lt;u&gt;help&lt;/u&gt; sustain body heat and protect the &lt;u&gt;inner&lt;/u&gt; tissues &lt;u&gt;over&lt;/u&gt; injuries to the body." ANSWER="3" EXPLAIN="An inappropriate preposition is used. &quot;Against&quot; should be used instead of &quot;over.&quot;">
    <CHOICE>subcutaneous</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>help</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>inner</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>over</CHOICE>
  </QUESTION>

  <QUESTION TEXT="&lt;u&gt;Astronomer&lt;/u&gt; seek to make clear &lt;u&gt;such mysteries&lt;/u&gt; as &lt;u&gt;the high&lt;/u&gt; energy of remote galaxies &lt;u&gt;known as&lt;/u&gt; quasars." ANSWER="0" EXPLAIN="The plural noun &quot;astronomers&quot; is needed to match the plural verb &quot;seek.&quot;">
    <CHOICE>Astronomer</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>such mysteries</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>the high</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>known as</CHOICE>
  </QUESTION>

  <QUESTION TEXT="&lt;u&gt;Since&lt;/u&gt; the earth's movement, the &lt;u&gt;stars appear&lt;/u&gt; to move &lt;u&gt;insignificantly&lt;/u&gt;&nbsp;&lt;u&gt;faster&lt;/u&gt; than the sun." ANSWER="0" EXPLAIN="&quot;Because of&quot; not &quot;since&quot; is the correct word.">
    <CHOICE>Since</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>stars appear</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>insignificantly</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>faster</CHOICE>
  </QUESTION>

  <QUESTION TEXT="Elizabeth Hanford Dole &lt;u&gt;was&lt;/u&gt; the &lt;u&gt;one&lt;/u&gt; woman &lt;u&gt;to become&lt;/u&gt; Secretary of Transportation &lt;u&gt;during&lt;/u&gt; the Reagan administration." ANSWER="1" EXPLAIN="&quot;Only&quot; should be used instead of &quot;one&quot; for the sentence to make sense.">
    <CHOICE>was</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>one</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>to become</CHOICE>
    <CHOICE>during</CHOICE>
  </QUESTION>
</QUIZ>
